Use cdrecord -scanbus to check the SCSI id of your cd writer on the SCSI bus. If there are no other "SCSI" devices, the SCSI id should be 0,0,0.
athlon:/home/chris# cdrecord -scanbus |
Cdrecord 1.10 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2001 Jörg Schilling Using libscg version 'schily-0.5' scsibus0: 0,0,0 0) 'PHILIPS ' 'CDRW1610A ' 'P1.4' Removable CD-ROM 0,1,0 1) * 0,2,0 2) * 0,3,0 3) * 0,4,0 4) * 0,5,0 5) * 0,6,0 6) * 0,7,0 7) * |
You need this information when you edit /etc/default/cdrecord. The /etc/default/cdrecord file contains defaults that are used if no command line option or environment are present.
athlon:/home/chris# emacs /etc/default/cdrecord |
This is the listing of etc/default/cdrecord for my 8x speed Philips CDRW1610A with a 2MB buffer. (I have been conservative here. The drive reports 8MB, but the packaging states 2MB. The drive is advertised to write at 10x, but has been measured at 8x by "Roxio Easy CD Creator" in Windows 98.)
# The default device, if not specified elsewhere # CDR_DEVICE=philips # # The default speed, if not specified elsewhere # CDR_SPEED=8 # # The default FIFO size if, not specified elsewhere # CDR_FIFOSIZE=2m # # The following definitions allow abstract device names. # They are used if the device name does not contain the # the characters ',', ':', '/' and '@' # # drive name device speed fifosize driveropts # philips= 0,0,0 8 2 "" |
Save the file and exit using these commands:
<F10> f s |
<F10> f e |
Put a non-blank data CD in the drive to test that you can read from the drive. Enter the following command, substituting for the SCSI id "0,0,0" if necessary:
athlon:/home/chris# cdrecord dev=0,0,0 -v -toc | more |
This command prints the table of contents to the screen. The first few lines should look something like this:
Cdrecord 1.10 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2001 Jörg Schilling TOC Type: 1 = CD-ROM Using libscg version 'schily-0.5' atapi: 1 Device type : Removable CD-ROM Version : 0 Response Format: 1 Vendor_info : 'PHILIPS ' Identifikation : 'CDRW1610A ' Revision : 'P1.4' Device seems to be: Generic mmc CD-RW. Using generic SCSI-3/mmc CD-R driver (mmc_cdr). |
If the CD (re)writer is your only CDROM drive, you need to make it available as "/dev/cdrom". Then you will be able to read your distribution CDs again. If it is your second CDROM drive, you need to make it available as a different device, for example "/dev/cdrw".
Skip this section if your CD (re)writer is your second CDROM drive, and go on to making a second CDROM drive available
You need to get rid of the current (non-functional) ide "/dev/cdrom", and replace it with a symlink to the emulated SCSI "/dev/scd0".
athlon:/home/chris# cd /dev |
Rename "cdrom" rather than deleting it.
athlon:/dev# mv cdrom cdrom.old |
Create the symlink to "scd0".
athlon:/dev# ln -s scd0 cdrom |
That's it! Now test that you can read from /cdrom again. Put a data CD in the drive. Then:
athlon:/dev# mount /cdrom |
athlon:/dev# ls /cdrom |
athlon:/dev# umount /cdrom |
Skip this section if your CD (re)writer is your only CDROM drive. You should have carried out the instructions for making a single CDROM drive available. You need to create a new device ("/dev/cdrw", for example), and create a symlink to the emulated SCSI device "/dev/scd0".
athlon:/home/chris# cd /dev |
Create the symlink to "scd0".
athlon:/dev# ln -s scd0 cdrw |
The symlink does not point to anything yet. You need to set up a directory for the mount point:
athlon:/dev# cd / |
athlon:/# mkdir cdrw |
Now modify /etc/fstab:
athlon:/# emacs /etc/fstab |
Look for the existing cdrom line:
/dev/cdrom /cdrom iso9660 ro,user,noauto 0 0 |
Add a line for cdrw underneath using identical parameters.
/dev/cdrw /cdrw iso9660 ro,user,noauto 0 0 |
Your fstab should look something like this:
# /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> /dev/hda7 / ext2 errors=remount-ro 0 1 /dev/hda6 none swap sw 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/fd0 /floppy auto user,noauto 0 0 /dev/cdrom /cdrom iso9660 ro,user,noauto 0 0 /dev/cdrw /cdrw iso9660 ro,user,noauto 0 0 |
That's it! Now test that you can read from /cdrom and /cdrw. Put a data CD in each drive in turn. Then:
athlon:/# mount /cdrom |
athlon:/# ls /cdrom |
athlon:/# umount /cdrom |
athlon:/# mount /cdrw |
athlon:/# ls /cdrw |
athlon:/# umount /cdrw |
Now the moment of truth. Put a blank CD-R in the drive. Make an image of, for example, your home directory with mkisofs. Save the image file to /tmp since you do not want to keep it beyond the current session. Then burn the image onto the CD-R using cdrecord.
athlon:/# cd /tmp |
athlon:/tmp# mkisofs -r -o home-dir.img /home/chris/ |
This may take a little while, depending on the amount of data to be imaged.
athlon:/tmp# cdrecord dev=0,0,0 -v -data home-dir.img |
This may also take a little while. When the burn has finished, mount the the new CD and check its contents with ls.
athlon:/tmp# mount /cdrom |
athlon:/tmp# ls /cdrom |
athlon:/tmp# umount /cdrom |
Congratulations! You have now (hopefully) made a backup copy of your home directory on CD. You are now ready to add a front end for X.